Ni ibisanzwe ko tableti zikomeye zishyirwa ku modoka zifite aho zihurira hanini zikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi kugira ngo zongere imikorere myiza no gukora imirimo imwe n'imwe yihariye. Uburyo bwo kwemeza ko tableti zifite aho zihurira n'ibikoresho bihujwe kandi byujuje ibisabwa byihariye byabaye ikibazo ku baguzi. Iyi nkuru izagaragaza aho tableti zikomeye zikoreshwa kugira ngo zigufashe gusobanukirwa neza imiterere yazo no guhitamo igisubizo cyiza kurusha ibindi.
·CANBus
Interineti ya CANBus ni ihuriro ry'itumanaho rishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga ry'umuyoboro w'ahagenzurwa, rikoreshwa mu guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye by'ikoranabuhanga (ECU) mu modoka no guhanahana amakuru no gutumanaho hagati yazo.
Binyuze muri CANBus, tableti ifite imodoka ishobora guhuzwa na network ya CAN y'imodoka kugira ngo ibone amakuru ajyanye n'uko imodoka ihagaze (nk'umuvuduko w'imodoka, umuvuduko wa moteri, aho imodoka ihagaze, nibindi) kandi ikabiha abashoferi mu gihe nyacyo. Tableti ifite imodoka ishobora kandi kohereza amabwiriza yo kugenzura imodoka binyuze muri CANBus kugira ngo ikore imirimo yo kugenzura, nko guparika imodoka mu buryo bwikora no kugenzura kure. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko mbere yo guhuza interfaces za CANBus, ari ngombwa kugenzura ko interfaces n'umurongo wa CAN w'imodoka bihuye neza kugira ngo hirindwe ko itumanaho ryangirika cyangwa gutakaza amakuru.
· J1939
Interineti ya J1939 ni protocole yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ishingiye kuri Controller Area Network, ikoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho ry’amakuru hagati y’ishami rigenzura ikoranabuhanga (ECU) mu modoka ziremereye. Iyi protocole itanga urubuga rusanzwe rw’itumanaho ry’imodoka ziremereye, ibi bikaba ingirakamaro mu mikoranire hagati ya ECU y’inganda zitandukanye. Hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya multiplexing, ihuriro ry’umuyoboro wihuta ushingiye kuri CAN bus ritangwa kuri buri sensor, actuator na controller y’imodoka, kandi gusangira amakuru yihuta birahari. Ishyigikira ibipimo n’ubutumwa byagenwe n’umukoresha, byoroshye mu guteza imbere no guhindura ibintu hakurikijwe ibyo akeneye bitandukanye byihariye.
· OBD-II
OBD-II (On-Board Diagnostics II) ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gusuzuma imodoka mu gisekuru cya kabiri, butuma ibikoresho byo hanze (nk'ibikoresho byo gusuzuma imodoka) bishobora kuvugana na mudasobwa mu buryo busanzwe, kugira ngo bigenzure kandi bisubize amakuru y'uko imodoka ikora n'uko ikibazo cyayo gihagaze, kandi bitange amakuru y'ingenzi ku ba nyir'imodoka n'abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga imodoka. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwa OBD-II bushobora no gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma imikorere y'imodoka, harimo no gukoresha lisansi, imyuka ihumanya ikirere, nibindi, kugira ngo bifashe ba nyir'imodoka kubungabunga imodoka zabo.
Mbere yo gukoresha igikoresho cya OBD-II cyo gusuzuma imiterere y'ikinyabiziga, ugomba kugenzura neza ko moteri y'ikinyabiziga idatangijwe. Hanyuma shyiramo agace k'igikoresho cyo gusuzuma mu gice cya OBD-II kiri hepfo y'akabati k'ikinyabiziga, hanyuma utangire igikoresho cyo gusuzuma.
· Uburyo bwo kwinjira bwa Analog
Uburyo bwo gupima amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amakuru ...amakuru ajyanye n'amakuru. Binyuze mu buryo bukwiye bwo gupima no gupima, uburyo bwo gupima amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amakuru ajyanye n'amakuru bushobora gufata no guhindura neza impinduka nto z'amakuru, bityo bigatanga ubuziranenge bwo hejuru.
Mu ikoreshwa rya tableti iri ku modoka, uburyo bwo gushyiramo analog bushobora gukoreshwa mu kwakira ibimenyetso bya analog bivuye mu byuma bipima ubushyuhe, ibipima umuvuduko, nibindi, kugira ngo harebwe uburyo imodoka ihagaze mu buryo nyabwo kandi hamenyekane neza imiterere yayo.
· RJ45
Interineti ya RJ45 ni uburyo bwo guhuza itumanaho rya interineti, bukoreshwa mu guhuza mudasobwa, swichi, routers, modems n'ibindi bikoresho kuri network y'akarere (LAN) cyangwa network y'akarere kagari (WAN). Ifite pin umunani, muri zo 1 na 2 zikoreshwa mu kohereza ibimenyetso bitandukanye, naho 3 na 6 zikoreshwa mu kwakira ibimenyetso bitandukanye, kugira ngo hongerwe ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo bwo kwirinda kubangamirana. Pins 4, 5, 7 na 8 zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gufunga no kurinda, kugira ngo ubutumwa bw'ibimenyetso bukomeze guhagarara.
Binyuze kuri interface ya RJ45, tableti iri ku modoka ishobora kohereza amakuru n'ibindi bikoresho bya interineti (nk'amakuru akoreshwa mu itumanaho, switch, nibindi) ku muvuduko mwinshi kandi udahindagurika, byujuje ibisabwa mu itumanaho rya interineti no mu myidagaduro ya multimedia.
· RS485
Interineti ya RS485 ni ihuriro ry'itumanaho ry'igice cya kabiri, rikoreshwa mu itumanaho ry'inganda no mu itumanaho ry'amakuru. Rikoresha uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru butandukanye, kohereza no kwakira amakuru binyuze mu mirongo ibiri y'ibimenyetso (A na B). Rifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi kandi rishobora kurwanya ingaruka mbi za electromagnetic, ingaruka mbi z'urusaku n'ibimenyetso bibangamira ibidukikije. Intera yo kohereza amakuru ya RS485 ishobora kugera kuri metero 1200 nta repetitor, ibi bigatuma ikora neza mu bikorwa bisaba kohereza amakuru kure. Umubare ntarengwa w'ibikoresho bisi ya RS485 ishobora guhuzwa ni 32. Rifasha ibikoresho byinshi kuvugana kuri bisi imwe, byoroshye gucunga no kugenzura. RS485 ishyigikira kohereza amakuru yihuta cyane, kandi igipimo gikunze kugera kuri 10Mbps.
· RS422
Interineti ya RS422 ni ihuriro ry'itumanaho ryuzuye ry'uruhererekane, ryemerera kohereza no kwakira amakuru icyarimwe. Uburyo bwo kohereza ibimenyetso bitandukanye bwakoreshejwe, imirongo ibiri y'ibimenyetso (Y, Z) ikoreshwa mu kohereza amakuru naho imirongo ibiri y'ibimenyetso (A, B) ikoreshwa mu kwakira amakuru, ishobora kurwanya neza ihungabana rya electromagnetic na ground loop ibangamira amakuru kandi ikarushaho kunoza cyane uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo buhamye. Interineti ya RS422 ni ndende, ishobora kugera kuri metero 1200, kandi ishobora guhuza ibikoresho bigera ku 10. Kandi kohereza amakuru mu buryo bwihuse cyane hamwe n'igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru cya 10 Mbps birashobora kugerwaho.
· RS232
Interineti ya RS232 ni uburyo busanzwe bwo gutumanaho hagati y’ibikoresho, bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza ibikoresho bya interineti (DTE) n’ibikoresho bya interineti (DCE) kugira ngo itumanaho rigerweho, kandi buzwiho ko bworoshye no guhuza neza. Ariko, intera ntarengwa yo kohereza ni metero 15, kandi igipimo cyo kohereza ni gito. Igipimo ntarengwa cyo kohereza ubusanzwe ni 20Kbps.
Muri rusange, RS485, RS422 na RS232 byose ni amahame ngenderwaho y’itumanaho, ariko imiterere yabyo n’imiterere y’ikoreshwa ryabyo biratandukanye. Muri make, RS232 ikwiriye porogaramu zidakeneye kohereza amakuru vuba intera ndende, kandi ihura neza n’ibikoresho na sisitemu bishaje. Iyo bibaye ngombwa kohereza amakuru mu byerekezo byombi icyarimwe kandi umubare w’ibikoresho bihujwe ukaba uri munsi ya 10, RS422 ishobora kuba amahitamo meza. Niba ibikoresho birenga 10 bikenewe ko bihuzwa cyangwa hakenewe kohereza amakuru vuba, RS485 ishobora kuba nziza kurushaho.
· GPIO
GPIO ni itsinda ry'udupira, dushobora gushyirwa mu buryo bwo kwinjira cyangwa mu buryo bwo gusohora. Iyo agapira ka GPIO kari mu buryo bwo kwinjira, gashobora kwakira ibimenyetso bivuye mu byuma bipima (nk'ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, urumuri, nibindi), kandi bigahindura ibyo bimenyetso mu buryo bwa digitale bwo gutunganya tableti. Iyo agapira ka GPIO kari mu buryo bwo gusohora, gashobora kohereza ibimenyetso byo kugenzura ku byuma bikoresha ingufu (nk'amamoteri n'amatara ya LED) kugira ngo gashobore kugenzura neza. Uburyo bwa GPIO bushobora kandi gukoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere y'izindi porogaramu z'itumanaho (nk'iya I2C, SPI, nibindi), kandi imikorere y'itumanaho igoye ishobora gukorwa binyuze mu miyoboro miremire.
3Rtablet, nk'umutanga serivisi ufite uburambe bw'imyaka 18 mu gukora no guhindura ibikoresho bya tableti zishyirwa ku modoka, yashimiwe n'abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga kubera serivisi zayo zihariye n'ubufasha mu bya tekiniki. Yaba ikoreshwa mu buhinzi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gucunga ubwikorezi bw'imodoka cyangwa forklift, ibicuruzwa byacu bigaragaza imikorere myiza, ubworoherane no kuramba. Izi porogaramu zavuzwe haruguru (CANBus, RS232, nibindi) zishobora guhindurwa mu bicuruzwa byacu. Niba uteganya kunoza imikorere yawe no kunoza umusaruro ukoresheje imbaraga za tableti, ntutindiganye kutwandikira kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bicuruzwa n'igisubizo!
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Nzeri 2024
